Empirical Policy Inquiries

Public Policy Analyses

Rigorous empirical research addressing central economic and governance questions. Each study couples interactive econometric visualisations with audited raw datasets in our DuckDB cloud lake.

Socioeconomic Updated 2026-10-04

An empirical cross-era comparison: when China, the US, Japan, South Korea, and other major economies were at India's current real GDP size, what was their sectoral structure (agriculture, manufacturing, services)? Normalized in constant 2015 USD to strip inflation across eras.

Empirical Trajectory Preview Feminization U-Curve (Goldin)
$2k PPPTrough$10k

Empirical Finding

China passed this real output milestone ~20 years ago (2004), South Korea ~10 years ago (2014), and the United States in the late 1960s.

NY.GDP.MKTP.KDNV.AGR.TOTL.KDNV.IND.TOTL.KDNV.SRV.TOTL.KD
Socioeconomic Updated 2026-10-03

An interactive counterfactual engine (1960–2047): pick any country's growth record, and India's GDP is extrapolated to 2047 at that pace — headline or sector-weighted — using World Bank Data360 data for 204 sovereign nations.

Empirical Trajectory Preview China pace → ≈$23T by 2047
196020252047

Empirical Finding

Vietnam's steadier 2000–2020 CAGR (6.43%) lands 2047 India near $14.5T — barely above holding India's own 5.83% pace (≈$12.9T).

NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZGNV.AGR.TOTL.KD.ZGNV.IND.TOTL.KD.ZGNV.IND.MANF.KD.ZGNV.SRV.TOTL.KD.ZGNY.GDP.MKTP.KDNV.AGR.TOTL.KDNV.IND.TOTL.KDNV.SRV.TOTL.KDSP.POP.TOTL
Fiscal Policy Updated 2026-09-19

An interactive, multi-dimensional empirical index evaluating 217 sovereign nations (1960–2024). Harmonizes aggregate scale, per capita productivity, price stability, and external solvency with real-time customizable weights and economic bloc filters.

Empirical Trajectory Preview GMFI 4-Pillar (217 Nations)
Score 20Median (64)Score 95

Empirical Finding

India ranks #5 globally in economic scale and maintains resilient external balances (-0.9% to -1.2% CAB), but per-capita real output ($2,367) places it in the middle tier (#103) under standard welfare-weighted indices.

NY.GDP.MKTP.CDNY.GDP.PCAP.KDFP.CPI.TOTL.ZGBN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZSSP.POP.TOTL
Socioeconomic Updated 2026-09-14

An empirical 35-year macroeconomic investigation (1990–2024) analyzing whether and how Female Labour Force Participation (FLFP) drives or responds to economic growth in India, testing Claudia Goldin's Feminization U-Curve, female education expansion, and structural sector shifts.

Empirical Trajectory Preview Feminization U-Curve (Goldin)
$2k PPPTrough$10k

Empirical Finding

Female secondary school gross enrollment surged from 34.9% in 1995 to 80.5% in 2022. Rather than outright labor withdrawal, young women (ages 15–24) postponed labor entry to build human capital.

SL.TLF.CACT.FE.ZSSL.TLF.CACT.FE.NE.ZSNY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZGNY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KDSL.TLF.CACT.FM.ZSSL.TLF.ACTI.1524.FE.ZSSL.AGR.EMPL.FE.ZSSE.SEC.ENRR.FE
Fiscal Policy Updated 2026-09-15

An empirical cross-country econometric analysis investigating how sovereign tax collection relates to public investments in healthcare and education across 204 sovereign nations spanning 1970 to 2024.

Empirical Trajectory Preview Health > Education (r ≈ 0.54)
10% Tax45% Tax

Empirical Finding

High-income economies average 8.79% of GDP in health spending—1.91× their average education spending (4.73% of GDP), driven by aging demographics, capital-intensive medical tech, and expanded universal coverage.

GC.TAX.TOTL.GD.ZSSE.XPD.TOTL.GD.ZSSH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS
Socioeconomic Updated 2026-09-14

A hybrid empirical macroeconomic analysis evaluating the growth elasticity of poverty across 150 sovereign nations alongside a 45-year longitudinal case study of India's poverty transformation (1977–2022).

Empirical Trajectory Preview Elasticity: -1.42 (High)
-2%0% Growth+8%

Empirical Finding

Between 1977 and 2022, compounding annual per capita GDP growth of ~3.9% drove extreme poverty down from 59.7% to 5.25%, lifting over 450 million individuals out of subsistence deprivation.

NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZGSI.POV.DDAYSI.POV.LMICNY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KDSI.POV.GINI